Public and cultural diplomacy involves engagement in the dialogue between people, institutions, political leaders, and members of civil society. For the effectual practices of cultural diplomacy, certain measures are mandatory. First, the home country must recognize and understand the dynamics of the foreign culture, and secondly, the home country must observe the tenets that govern the dialogue, the lifestyle, value system, arts, practices, beliefs, and various other aspects of the culture of the foreign country.

Public and cultural diplomacy is used as a tool between the countries, as an approach opposite to the use of force, for enhancing peace and stability. For ensuring peace without violence, especially in the post 9/11 world influenced by international law, leaders now emphasize the importance of dialogue for establishing peace during the time of conflict. Peace through public or cultural diplomacy is brought through the implementation of programs the strengthen the trust between the countries. The Peace Initiative under the UN aims at ensuring peace by implementing cultural initiatives across the border, as they have defined peace not only in the terms of war but as a phenomenon that has a link with social justice, elimination of global poverty, women’s empowerment, and the welfare of people. The programs related to heritage, music, theatre, arts fall under the initiatives of public and cultural diplomacy. In 1997, the UN General Assembly adopted the “culture of peace” program, which characterized peace by respecting human rights, promoting development and stability, engendering tolerance and democracy, the inclusion of women. Similarly, in UN General Assembly announced “International Decade for Rapprochement of Cultures” from 2013-2022. It is an education-based initiative for sustaining peace.